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utive Property Distribute multiplication over addition: Example: 23 × 7 = (20 + 3) × 7 = (20 × 7) + (3 × 7) = 140 + 21 = 161. 5. Recognizing Perfect Squares and Special Products Memorize common squares and identities: Perfect squares: 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100, etc. Difference